Journal: Frontiers in Immunology
Article Title: The inhibitory effect of hepatic cancer energy metabolism on immune checkpoint therapy: perspectives from single-cell multi-omics analysis
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1753670
Figure Lengend Snippet: Single-cell analysis of HCC TME and hepatocyte metabolic reprogramming. (A) UMAP dimensionality reduction plot showing 22 initial cell clusters. (B) Annotation of 7 major cell populations based on established marker genes. (C) Expression patterns of CD274 (PD-L1) and CTLA4 in various cell types before and after immunotherapy. (D) Cellular composition across samples. Sample H68 exhibits the highest proportion of Hepatocytes. (E) UMAP plot of hepatocyte subclustering analysis based on metabolic-related gene expression profiles, identifying 5 subpopulations (clusters 0-4). Cluster 1 is significantly enriched in post-treatment samples. (F) KEGG pathway enrichment analysis reveals functional clustering of hepatocyte subpopulations (clusters 0-4). (G) Hierarchical clustering of significantly enriched pathways within these clusters. (H) Expression patterns of core genes within the Pyruvate metabolism pathway across the five hepatocyte subpopulations. Genes in this pathway exhibit significantly elevated expression in Cluster 1.
Article Snippet: Integrated single-cell RNA-seq data (GEO, Mendeley) were analyzed using Seurat, AUCell, pySCENIC, CellChat, and Monocle.
Techniques: Single-cell Analysis, Marker, Expressing, Gene Expression, Functional Assay